时间：2015/04/30, 15:30-17:00
地点：威廉希尔一楼院史馆
主讲人：盛鹏飞
题目：The Impact of Pollution on Urban-Rural Income Gap in China
主讲人介绍：盛鹏飞，男，博士，WilliamHill官网副教授，研究方向为环境经济及管理。长期从事环境经济学的研究和教学工作，在《Climate and Development》、《Energies》、《中国人口科学》等国内外重要期刊发表学术论文10余篇，主持或参与多项国家级和省部级科研项目，担任《Economics Modelling》、《Energy Sources》、《经济学季刊》等期刊的审稿专家。
摘要：Most prior literature has proved that income inequality would have a significant impact on pollution. However, the relationship between pollution and income inequality would not be unidirectional, and the pollution may affect income inequality by way of health capital investment. Although the urban residents have the high-level income with more emissions of pollutants, but the negative effect resulted from pollution would be undertaken by both the urban and rural residents equally, which is triggered by the negative externality of pollution. Therefore, the rural residents would have to pay the equal medical expenditure to keep their health with the urban residents.
In view of the previous research, this paper has provide an inter-period model to describe the impact of pollution on urban-rural income gaps with regarding to the main characteristics of the dual economy between urban and rural areas in China. The production and consumption behavior has been assumed to subject the hypothesis of life-cycle consumption, and then the model is used to analyze the heterogeneous health capital investment between the urban and the rural residents. The conclusion indicates urban-rural income gap would be enlarged by the increasing of pollution, and the bigger gap of the beginning period would enhance the impact of pollution on urban-rural income gaps.
Accompanied by the fast economic growth in China, pollution and urban-rural income gap has been two important outstanding issues which have impact an negative effect on the sustainable development and social stability. Hence, we collect China’s provincial dataset which contains thirty provinces and the period from 2002 to 2013 to capture the impact of pollution on urban-rural income gaps. By using the method of dynamic panel model, the results suggest that pollution has impact on the income gaps between urban and rural significantly, and a panel threshold model is used to detect whether the income gap of the beginning period has strengthen the impact. At last, both the theoretical and empirical conclusions has proved that urban-rural income gaps would be affected by pollution significantly, so the relative policy should pay more attention to correct negative externality of pollution between urban and rural area, such as the more public health investment to rural areas and the more strict environmental regulation in urban areas.
